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Dollarweed

Dollarweed

Dollarweed is a perennial warm season weed also known as pennywort.  Dollarweed has a bright green leaf shaped like a lily pad with a stem coming from the center of the leaf.  This low growth habitat weed reproduces by seed, rhizomes and tubers.  When dealing with any weeds it can be difficult to eradicate them completely.  Grass weed management is the most realistic approach rather than complete eradication.

Prevention

Dollarweed is a water loving plant which can float like a lily pad.  Reducing the amount and frequency of irrigation on your lawn will discourage growth and spreading.  Increasing proper drainage can help with weed prevention. Proper maintenance of your lawn will also prevent weeds. Maintaining grass at the proper height, proper fertilization, and being free from insect or disease damage will also reduce weeds.

Control

Atrazine is a chemical used to control dollarweed.  It can be applied to st augustine grass and centipede grass up to twice a year.  Atrazine is most effective when applied in the fall and late spring on newly formed weeds.  Atrazine should not be applied to newly seeded, plugged or sodded lawns.  This chemical will adversely effect the growth of new sod and should only be applied to established lawns.  Bermuda grass and zoysia grass can use a three way herbicide for dollarweed control.  A three way herbicide contains  2,4- D, dicamba, and mecoprop and are found in a variety of broad leaf weed killers.

Why is my Sod Turning Brown

Why is my Sod Turning Brown

Drought

Why is my sod turning brown maybe because of drought.  Most Jacksonville and St. Augustine grass sod species have a level of drought tolerance once established.  St. Augustine grass, Bermuda grass, zoysia grass, centipede grass, and Bahia grass will slowly turn brown when stressed for water.  The individual grass blades will fold in half vertically then intermittent spots will become dry and crunchy giving the sod an overall brown appearance.  Established grasses will recover quickly once the sod grass is watered regularly.  Unfortunately, if the dry folded grass of new sod is not watered immediately it will not recover and die very quickly.  It is important to follow the directions for newly installed sod given to you by your Jacksonville sod installation professional after your sod has been installed.

Dormant

Why is my sod turning brown maybe because of dormancy.  Warm season grasses like bahia grass, zoysia grass and st augustine grass will go dormant in the winter and turn brown.  The percentage of brown versus green will be determined by the cultivar of grass, how long the turfgrass has been established and how low and long the temperatures get during winter months.  It is important to still water your lawn during the winter months to prevent killing the turfgrass.

Take-All-Root Rot

Take-All-Root-Rot is a fungus type disease which effects the roots of warm season grasses when there has been an abundance of water and the grass is not able to dry out between watering.  Heavy rains contribute to the onset and spread of the disease.  It will turn the grass brown and it will rot.  There is no method of recovery from this disease and maybe why my sod is turning brown.  Turfgrass does not recover from Take-All-Root-Rot and will need to be replaced.  Jacksonville Sod Service can provide an estimate for new sod installation in St Augustine Florida and in the Jacksonville area.

Natural Turfgrass Weed Killer

There are several products on the market being used as natural turfgrass weed killer.  Because of the toxic effects chemical herbicides have on the environment and water contamination more natural methods of weed control are becoming more popular among homeowners. Iron based weed killers, corn gluten meal, and vinegar.

Iron based weed killer is composed of a liquid form iron which is used to treat micro deficiencies in plants which is bound to a chelating agent making it readily available for plant uptake causing iron oxidation.  When applied the the weed plants will dry out, turn black and die within hours of application.  Iron based weed killer is safe on warm season turfgrasses St. Augustine grass, zoysia grass, bermuda grass, centipede grass, and bahia grass. These products may cause a darkening of grass leaf blades but the color will usually recover within a few days to a week.  The compound is applied to actively growing weeds in the Spring and Fall when temperatures do not exceed 85 degrees.  3 applications in Spring every 21 days and 2 applications every 21 days in Fall has yielded the best results.  Commercial brands like Iron X and Fiesta are available for application on new sod installation in Jacksonville Florida.

Corn gluten meal is a bi-product of the corn milling process and used as a natural turfgrass weed killer.  Its N-P-K ratio is 8-1-0 and thus used as a weed and feed product.  The corn gluten meal is applied at a rate of 20-40 pounds per 1500 square feet.  Once applied must be watered in to be effective.  Because corn gluten meal is a premergent herbicide meaning it inhibits the growth of weeds at the seed level by drying out the plant causing it to die quickly after germination.  Because it works in this way it is less effective after heavy rains.   It will not kill existing weeds.  It should be applied twice a year once in the Spring and again in the Fall.

Use vinegar with caution.  Although it will kill weeds it will kill your grass to in the same way round up works by applying it to the leaves and drying in the sun.  It should be used as a spot treatment and not over your entire lawn.  Vinegar acts as a great natural turfgrass weed killer for spot treatments.

Sod Is Not Rooting

Sod Is Not Rooting

After the first 7-10 days from the date of your new sod installation, there should be some resistance when you grab a piece of sod and attempt to pull it up.  If the new sod pieces come up with out resistance there are a few things that could be happening if your new sod is not rooting.

Watering

Watering new sod is the most important factor when trying to get the new sod pieces to become established and start growing your beautiful new lawn.  If your new sod blades of grass are consistently vertically folded in half this is a sign of dehydration.  The sod grass is preventing water loss and using its energy just to stay alive which may be why your sod is not rooting.  Be sure to follow the watering instructions for newly installed sod given to you by your sod installation professional.

Aeration

Hard compacted clay pan or hard soil will prevent the tiny delicate new sod roots from being able to penetrate the soil and why your new sod is not rooting.  Aeration should have been done before laying the new sod if it was necessary after a soil inspection.  You can aerate the soil after the new sod has been laid. Keep in mind removal of the sod and soil plugs will be challenging because it is difficult to rake sod which isn’t attached to the ground.

Fertilizers

Nitrogen based fertilizers should not be used on newly installed sod for the first 30 to 60 days.  If nitrogen was put on your lawn in the first 30 days it will turn yellow and burn the new roots.  However, a lawn starter fertilizer 18-24-12  or an application of phosphorous can be applied to encourage new root growth quickly.   These treatments can be done yourself when following the manufacturers instructions or hire a spray professional who specializes in sod grass chemical treatments.

Take All Root Rot

Take all root rot is a fungus which establishes itself on the roots of sod grass which is onset by overwatering.  Overwatering your newly installed sod is damaging and it’s effects can not be reversed.  The fungus had usually been active for 2 -3 weeks before any signs above ground are noticeable.  The roots will be very short and turn black depriving the plant from water uptake and eventually dying and why your new sod is not rooting.

Season

If you have installed your warm season turf grass in winter know that these grass species go dormant during the colder months and why your sod is not rooting.  Grasses like Bermuda and zoysia will turn brown and stop growing in a cold climate taking them longer to root in if installed during this time.  Be patient with your new sod and continue to water, fertilize and care your new sod as instructed until it takes root.

Jacksonville Sod Service is a sod installation company located in Jacksonville Florida.  We also do sod installation in St. Augustine Florida. Please contact us for current Jacksonville sod prices, available Jacksonville sod for sale and the sod prices for delivery or a free estimate for sod measurements and sod installation.

Sod Fertilizer

Sod fertilizer is not lawn food.  Grass and plants make their own food in the form of sugar through a process called photosynthesis.  Lawn nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous,  and potassium aid the grass in the process of photosynthesis.  When choosing a fertilizer keep in mind a slow release granular is always better than a quick release liquid, every sod species has an amount of these nutrients at which it will grow best and fertilizing according to your geographical location and time of year is important.

Reading the sod fertilizer label goes something like this.  Suppose you buy a 50 lbs. bag of fertilizer which reads 10-10-10.  The first number is (N) Nitrogen, the second is (P) phosphorus, and the third is (K) potassium or pot ash.  Multiply 50 (pounds in the bag) X .10 (the nutrient amount).  This bag contains 15 lbs. of nutrients, 5 lbs. nitrogen, 5 lbs. of phosphorus, and 5 lbs.of potassium.  The rest of the weight is just filler.  Bahia, Bermuda, St. Augustine, Centipede and Zoysia all require different amounts of these nutrients to be applied through out the year.

Nitrogen

Nitrogen (N) is a macro-nutrient important in healthy plant growth and essentially what makes your grass green. The greener the grass the more photosynthesis can occur and the thicker the lawn will become.  Be careful with too much nitrogen the grass will grow too rapid for the root system to keep up with the new growth and the lawn will begin to thin and look sparse.  Also rapid growth will require the lawn to be cut more frequently in order to prevent added stress by cutting off too much growth at one time.  An overdose of nitrogen also invites insects and disease or can cause chemical burn and the lawn to turn yellow in spots.  Conversely a lawn deficient in nitrogen

Phosphorus

Phosphorus (P) is also a macro-nutrient important for the development of grass roots but also the overall growth of the lawn.  Without phosphorus the sod lawns growth will slow dramatically.  Individual sod grass blades will turn from dark green to purple or reddish pigments.  The grass will then thin and weeds will begin to grow.  It is important for water conservation and quality not to over fertilize with phosphorus.  Unused phosphorus from sod fertilizer is thought to attach itself to soil and can enter water sources through run off and erosion.  Use sod fertilizer before or after a lot of rain fall, avoid excess watering of your lawn and do not exceed recommended amounts for your sod grass species.

Potassium

Potassium (K) is another macro-nutrient important to strength of the grasses cell wall structure aiding in the grasses ability to withstand stresses such as cold, drought, heat and disease. It aids in the plants ability to photosynthesis, water abortion and respiration.  Grasses low in potassium will be stunted in growth and yellow requiring an application of sod fertilizer.  You can slowly add potassium by using a mulching mower and allowing the clippings to return to the soil.

Jacksonville Sod Service can help you determine what sod grass species and cultivar is best for your needs.  We are a professional sod delivery and St Augustine and Jacksonville sod installation company.  Our website is full of information about different types of sod, sod disease, sod insects and and sod maintenance to keep your lawn looking good all year around. Find our information on Jacksonville sod prices or give us a call and schedule an appointment for your free sod installation estimate.

Jacksonville Sod Prices

Jacksonville Sod Prices

Jacksonville sod prices are determined by several factors: the species of sod, the number of pallets and is it being delivered or installed.  Most Jacksonville sod companies including Jacksonville Sod Service, will schedule an appointment with you to diagnose your diseased or damaged grass, take a proper square foot measurement, and discuss with you the best sod grass species to fit your needs.

The species of sod grass is one factor in determining the cost per pallet whether it is delivered or installed. Jacksonville sod prices from the least expensive to the most expensive are Bahia grass, St. Augustine grass, Centipede grass, Bermuda grass and Zoysia grass.  You can also expect to pay a little more for the more shade tolerant cultivars or cultivars which are considered better overall quality of each species.

Jacksonville Sod Service, as well as most sod installation companies, price sod per pallet is also based on the number of pallets being installed at one time.  Loading trailers, equipment and travel are all fixed costs so the fewer the pallets usually the more expensive per pallet.  Our Jacksonville sod prices are based on a graduated scale and depending on the square footage of your sod replacement, and the square footage per pallet of your selected sod grass species will be a factor in your sod prices.

Location, location, location.  If the area of sod grass being replaced is in a back yard or fenced in and the gate opening diameter is less than 10 feet wide, the price per pallet will be a little more.  Because we use a forklift to spot sod for easy access it takes less man hours to install.  If the sod grass has to be wheelbarrowed to the location of installation, this takes considerably longer to install and will be reflected in the price per pallet.

Most of the time there will be old dead or damaged sod grass and weeds which needs to be removed to the bare dirt before new sod grass can be laid.  In the event that we are installing sod on dirt from a graded lot, pool install, or new construction the price per pallet will be less than if it includes clean up as well.  If inquiring about a quote by phone or email be sure to indicate all of the necessary information for fair and competitive Jacksonville sod prices.

Why is My Sod Turning Yellow

Why is My Sod Turning Yellow

Many new lawns are installed using a species of grass in the form of sod.  Sod grass is grown and cut into rectangles then laid on previously prepared soil in a brick pattern.  When complete the yard looks like a finished lawn but new sod can take up to 5 years to become completely established.  Why is my sod turning yellow is a question with several possible answers.  A close inspection of your newly installed sod grass or your established lawn will determine the cause so a viable solution is found.

Overwatering

Why is my sod turning yellow is because it may getting too much water. New sod requires more water than an established lawn to help establish its roots, but the watering schedule should gradually decrease.  Newly installed sod watering instruction given to you by one of our sod installation professionals should be followed as directed.  Time of year, light and soil conditions and weather patterns are all important factors in determining your specific watering instructions and to prevent overwatering.

Pet Urine

Why is my sod turning yellow may be because of an animal.  Pet urine will burn new sod and established lawns because of its high nitrogen content. This can result in my sod is turning yellow or brown in patches. Hand water in these areas to dilute the urine. Over time, the new grass will grow normally, and your lawn will regain its green color.

Poor Soil Quality or Location

Grass near trees or shrubs may yellow or stop growing over time as the trees grow in size. The tree roots of established trees and shrubs will win the battle for soil nutrients which makes it difficult to establish new sod in these areas.  Grass also needs 6 or more hours of direct sunlight to establish itself even when installing a more shade tolerant cultivar and poor location may be the answer to why is my sod turning yellow.  Instead of laying new sod in shaded areas consider shade tolerant plants and mulch, paver paths and patios or a rock garden.

Overfeeding

New sod should not be fertilized for at least 30 to 60 days after installation. Fertilizing newly installed sod before this time will turn sod yellow.  Most sod is fertilized prior to harvesting and adding more can lead to nitrogen burn. Water the yellowed areas to dilute the nitrogen levels and do not fertilize your new sod until at least 30 days have passed since installation.

Disease

Overwatering, especially during the cooler months can cause the onset and spread of grass born disease and fungus which may answer why is my sod turning yellow.  There are several types of funguses which will cause yellow patches of grass in your new sod lawn and cause it to die.  Hiring a spray company professional will be able to access the type of disease and implement a regimen of fungicides to kill the disease and encourage new green grass to grow in its place.

5 Ways to Kill Large and Brown Patch Fungus

5 Ways to Kill Large and Brown Patch Fungus

Large and Brown Patch Fungus are cased by different strains of the Rhizoctonia solani fungus.  This fungus is most active from November to March when grass stays wet more than 48 hours and temperatures are below 80 degrees Fahrenheit leaving your grass with circular yellowing patches of dead grass.  Large and Brown Patch Fungus most often affect St Augustine grass and Zoysia grass sod species.  Lucky for you, there are preventive solutions to your problem.  As always a regular watering and fertilization regimen specific to your species of sod as well as a team of highly trained lawn spray professionals will help but in case you forgot you can take matters into your own hands.

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE using slow release nitrogen based fertilizers verses liquids or quick release in the amount specified for your species of sod.  Also not mowing when sod is wet or soggy and irrigating in the early morning hours between 2 AM and 6 AM.  Because temperatures are cooler less water is needed. With that being said, don’t go crazy and shut the water off.  Sod still needs water to survive even during months of dormancy just not as often.  Look for vertically folded blades of grass as a sign of drought and add an application of water.

FUNGICIDES work best if applied as a preventative measure.  Applying fungicides from September 20th to November 20th and again from March 10th to April 10th will help keep a possible outbreak under control during the fungus’ active months.  Flutolanil is the active ingredient in the systemic fungicide ProStar used to kill a number of fungus strains including large and brown patch fungus.  Please read all manufacturer’s instructions for best results.  When in doubt hire a spray company professional to treat your lawn with fungicides.

INSECTICIDES are also an effective way to kill sod webworms.  Insecticides which contain the active ingredient spinosad and are applied as the manufacturers label suggests can help kill sod webworms populations.

MICROBIAL BACTERIA  can be used to kill sod webworms.  Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring bacterium which poisons the stomachs of caterpillars but does not damage other insects.  This is best applied two weeks after the emergence of the moths.  This bacteria kills all caterpillars and is not recommended for people who have butterfly gardens.

OVER SEEDING in areas which are thinning or have been devoured by sod webworms can aesthetically benefit your lawn as well as protect your grass from sod webworms.  Rye grasses and fescues seed is infused with a natural fungus that worms don’t like the taste of and will kill sod webworms who try to feed. The fungus sticks around for as long as the grass does. These grasses are seasonal and used on golf courses when sod goes dormant to keep it green.  They will die with the first signs of summer’s heat.

So there you have it.  The 5 Ways to Kill Sod Webworms or you can always hire these guys to do it for you.

5 Ways to Kill Your Grass

5 Ways to Kill Your Grass
Sod Webworms Dead Grass

Although planing to kill your grass is probably not on your agenda for the weekend, here are five sure fire ways to make sure you do it right.  You only have to choose one method but if you really want to get it done and have several thousand to spend on a new sod after you kill your grass then combine a few of your favorites and have at it.

WATER, WATER, and not enough WATER.  If you really want to kill your grass do it using water, then apply more than 3/4 of an inch of water during one watering and do it more than three times a week.  In fact, go outside and make sure your rain censor is broken and you are watering while its raining or right after it rains.  Then if the blades of grass are still open instead of folded water it again.  This will not only encourage fungus growth but also take all root rot which will have your sod lawn decaying in no time. Black and tan is in, no mater what your HOA says.  In the Winter, don’t adjust you irrigation clock to water less just shut it off, so now your sod lawn will stress from the cold as well as from lack of  water.  When the leaf blades fold in half, ignore it, the lawn grass should quickly go dormant, turn brown and not recover in the Spring.

FERTALIZE the MANURE OUT OF IT.  Nothing says chemical burn and water contamination like too much nitrogen.  You should apply way more than 1 pound per 1000 square feet of sod grass, and as with everything, timing is important.  Don’t wait until Spring after the last freeze do it in December or January when the sod grass is dormant and not growing to kill your grass.  You’ll be the envy of all your neighbors as your sod grass turns those festive fall colors of oranges and yellows. Or hey, why fertilize at all.  Be the only one on your block whose sod goes from green, to light green, to yellow to brown because you’re using the fertilizer without iron or none at all.

WEEDS ARE PLANTS TOO.  You just want it green.  It could be Crab Grass, Blue Grass, Nut Sedge, Goose Grass or Dalisgrass, no need for a preemergent herbicide so who really needs a spray company, not you.  If you really like the look of broadleafs like Spurge, Oxalis, Dandelion, Clover no need for a postemergent herbicide like 2-DP or 4-M.  Your sod grass will be replaced by the lusciousness of these amazing bloomers just in time for Spring.  Who doesn’t like blowing seeds into the wind while making wishes?  Maybe you’re wishing to kill your grass?

MOW, MOW, MOW.  You’re busy, we get it and some things just get neglected and that sod lawn is no exception.  So who cares the HOA is leaving nasty emails and stickers on the door.  It can go one more week and then cut more than a third of the blade off at one time.  In fact, if you have St. Augustine grass sod, cut it on your mowers lowest blade height, way less than 4 1/2 inches.  And when it’s cold, no matter what type of sod grass you have, cut it all the time, every week in fact.

INSECTS ARE OUR FRIENDS.  AWWWWWW you have hundreds of little grey moths fluttering at you feet when you walk through your sod grass.  Sod webworm caterpillars are feasting at your front door, no need for insecticides or introducing a natural predator.  You’ll have brown patches all over your sod lawn in no time. Just tell the HOA manicured is out, you’re going for the more organic look.  Chinch bugs, ground pearls, spittlebugs, grass mites, mole crickets, white grubs, armyworms, grass loopers and billbugs are all delighted and eager to enjoy the smorgasbord you’ve laid out in your front lawn.

Mission accomplished……………

5 Ways to Kill Sod Webworms

5 Ways to Kill Sod Webworms

Sod webworms are nocturnal caterpillars which destroy lawns in August through November leaving you with brown dead patches of grass and nasty letters from your homeowners association.  Fortunately, there are preventive and post infestation solutions to your problem.  As always a regular watering and fertilization regimen specific to your species of sod as well as a team of highly trained lawn spray professionals help but in case you forgot you can take matters into your own hands.

REMOVE THATCH using a plug aerator, power rake, or a garden rake and good ole elbow grease.  The thatch layer of your sod gives the sod grass a layer of insulation and protection from colder temperatures.  However, a thatch layer thicker than 1/2 layer gives the sod webworm caterpillar a place to build his silky threaded home.  Dethatching your lawn once a year making the living conditions unsuitable for the insect encouraging them to live elsewhere.   You can easily rent a plug aerator or a power rake from your local hardware or construction equipment rental store.

BENEFICIAL NEMATODES such as Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabdtis bacteriophoraare are worms which can be purchased and applied to the sod.  The nematodes are not harmful to humans or pets.  Because sod webworms are nocturnal and UV light kills nematodes it is best to apply them in the early evening after sunset.  This method is only effective in lawns which have not been treated with an insecticide within 60 days of application. Please read all manufacturer’s instructions for best results.

INSECTICIDES are also an effective way to kill sod webworms.  Insecticides which contain the active ingredient spinosad and are applied as the manufacturers label suggests can help kill sod webworms populations.

MICROBIAL BACTERIA  can be used to kill sod webworms.  Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring bacterium which poisons the stomachs of caterpillars but does not damage other insects.  This is best applied two weeks after the emergence of the moths.  This bacteria kills all caterpillars and is not recommended for people who have butterfly gardens.

OVER SEEDING in areas which are thinning or have been devoured by sod webworms can aesthetically benefit your lawn as well as protect your grass from sod webworms.  Rye grasses and fescues seed is infused with a natural fungus that worms don’t like the taste of and will kill sod webworms who try to feed. The fungus sticks around for as long as the grass does. These grasses are seasonal and used on golf courses when sod goes dormant to keep it green.  They will die with the first signs of summer’s heat.

So there you have it.  The 5 Ways to Kill Sod Webworms or you can always hire these guys to do it for you.